Non-invasive neurostimulation: an emerging therapeutic modality in veterinary neurology
Non-invasive neurostimulation involves techniques that stimulate the nervous system without penetrating the skin. These techniques, which range from electrical and magnetic to other types of stimulati...
Equine glandular gastric disease in adult horses
Equine glandular gastric disease is a separate entity from equine squamous gastric disease and is, until proven otherwise, a syndrome with different underlying causes. Gastroscopy is the mainstay of d...
Evaluating the post-foaling mare with colic. Part 2: the genitourinary and reproductive tracts
Post-foaling colic is a common presenting complaint for equine practitioners that requires careful evaluation. Colic signs can be attributed to conditions of the gastrointestinal, reproductive and gen...
Advances in diagnosis and imaging of cervical dysfunction in the sports horse
Cervical imaging provides an abundance of data. It is important not to lose sight of the horse and to determine what clinical relevance these findings have. Good clinical examination, in combination w...
Halicephalobus gingivalis infection in equids
Halicephalobus gingivalis is a ubiquitous, saprophytic, free-living, rhabditiform nematode parasite of soil and manure that has been associated with opportunistic infections in horses, but sporadica...
Dietary options for diagnosis of cutaneous adverse food reactions
Diet is critical for the diagnosis of cutaneous adverse food reactions in dogs and cats. The diagnostic process consists of the elimination trial, where a diet the patient has never been exposed to or...
A new protein source for pet food: cultivated meat
Cultivated meat is an alternative protein source developed to address the sustainability, public health and animal welfare concerns of conventional meat production. Hundreds of startups and academic i...
Equine squamous gastric disease: an update on treatment and management
Equine squamous gastric disease describes the presence of lesions in the squamous mucosa of the stomach. It is a worldwide disease with high prevalence in various categories of horses, especially thos...
Renal function in horses
The kidneys are essential in excreting the waste products of metabolism and exogenous substances, and controlling the volume and composition of body fluids. The functional unit of the kidney is the ne...
Onchocerca cervicalis: an underestimated cause of equine skin disease?
Onchocerca cervicalis (equine neck threadworm) is a Culicoides midge-transmitted filarial nematode which, like other vector-transmitted diseases, may present an increasing threat to the UK equine po...
Evidence-based treatment of severe equine asthma
Equine asthma is one of the most common non-infectious respiratory conditions associated with inhalation of dust that affects horses worldwide. The disease causes airway inflammation, bronchoconstrict...
Investigating swollen joints in dogs and cats
Dogs and cats can present with acute or chronic swollen joint(s) which may or may not be associated with concurrent systemic signs of illness. Joint swelling may occur spontaneously, or with a history...