Faecal microbiota transplantation in horses: evidence, protocols and current limitations
Faecal microbiota transplantation has gained increasing attention in equine medicine as a potential therapeutic approach for gastrointestinal disorders associated with dysbiosis, particularly colitis ...
The first 24 hours: structured monitoring and nursing management of hospitalised neonatal foals
The first 24 hours of hospitalisation represent a critical period in the management of neonatal foals, during which rapid physiological changes and limited physiological reserves place patients at hig...
Feeding and management for the senior horse
The details of any feeding and management plan for a senior equid will be specific to that individual animal. However, there are some general points to consider which will require the team involved in...
Canine chronic kidney disease: updates on pathogenesis and the value of early detection
Canine chronic kidney disease: updates on pathogenesis and the value of early detection Canine chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a heterogeneous progressive, irreversible disorder characterised by struc...
Advances and challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of feline lymphoma
Feline lymphoma remains one of the most prevalent and clinically significant tumours in cats. However, its intrinsic heterogeneity, reflected in its diverse anatomic presentations, histologic grades a...
Evaluating the viability of cereal straw as an equine bedding in the UK today
There is limited knowledge of how bedding materials affect the welfare of horses, stable workers and the environment. Most studies use wheat straw bedding, where specified; this has been shown to enco...
Partial intravenous anaesthesia in horses: alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonist infusions
Partial intravenous anaesthesia has become a popular technique for maintaining general anaesthesia in horses and a variety of agents have been investigated in the literature. The technique uses an inh...
Radiography of the carpus: an orthopaedic surgeon's perspective
Radiography of the carpus is an important tool in the diagnosis of orthopaedic conditions affecting the carpus of dogs and cats. A good understanding of the complex carpal anatomy will enable the clin...
Adverse food reactions in dogs and cats. Part 2: diagnosis and management
The diagnosis of adverse food reactions in dogs and cats can be time consuming, and the elimination diet trial remains the only reliable test. Adherence to elimination diet trial recommendations can b...
The equine back muscle: its importance and how to ensure its optimal function
Dysfunction of a horse's back can induce lameness or decrease performance, whereas improved back muscle can lead to improved back kinematics. Therefore, maximising the development of the back muscles ...
Equine mesenchymal stem cell variability: a review of influencing factors and clinical potential
The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in equine medicine has attracted growing attention because of their potential to treat various diseases. This review introduces some fundamental concep...
Recent advances in equine wound management. Part 2: adjunctive therapies
Complications such as dehiscence and exuberant granulation tissue remain significant challenges in equine wound management. Thorough clinical assessment, including imaging when appropriate, is essenti...