A is for airway: intubation guide for common species (part 1)
Endotracheal intubation is a vital aspect of anaesthetic management in veterinary patients. It enables the delivery of volatile inhalants with 100% oxygen, reduces hypoxia risk, prevents environmental...
Key facts about endoparasites of pet rabbits: a guide for clinicians
Pet rabbits are frequently presented in first opinion veterinary practice and questions about their parasites and parasite control are common. While pet rabbits can host various endoparasites and may ...
Wound healing for small animal practitioners: a refresher – part one
Understanding normal anatomy and physiology is essential for veterinary nurses to recognise the pathophysiology of injury and disease. Wound healing is a physiological process that veterinary nurses f...
Importation of dogs: animal and public health risks and possible solutions
The introduction of exotic infections to the UK elicits public health concerns, warranting specific infection control management measures and bespoke regulations. In recent years, there has been a sig...
Tibial tuberosity advancement as a treatment option for cranial cruciate ligament disease
Tibial tuberosity advancement as a treatment option for cranial cruciate ligament disease was developed and introduced in 2002. Since then, several different implants have been developed to improve th...
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor treatment in diabetic cats
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors are oral anti-hyperglycaemic agents that represent a new treatment strategy in feline diabetes mellitus and remove the need for daily injections, dose adjust...
The role of vitamin E deficiency in equine neuromuscular disorders
Horses obtain vitamin E, an essential nutrient for neuromuscular health, through green pasture. Vitamin E dietary deficiencies can lead to neuromuscular diseases such as equine neuroaxonal dystrophy/e...
Diagnosis and treatment of equine sand enteropathy
Sand enteropathy is a common gastrointestinal disease that affects horses worldwide. It is characterised by the accumulation of sand within the large intestine of the horse which, in some cases, can l...
Examination of the term placenta: the ultimate disposable organ
There is huge diversity in the type of placentation that mammals use to ensure that they can nurture and develop an embryo into a viable offspring at term. However, every type of placenta in domestic ...
Equine sarcoidosis
Equine sarcoidosis is a rare, complex disorder characterised by granulomatous inflammation of one or multiple organ systems. Depending on the location of granulomatous lesions in the body, equine sarc...
Environmental enrichment for gerbils in the veterinary and domestic environment
Small exotics, commonly referred to as ‘small furries’, include hamsters, gerbils, rabbits and an array of other species. Gerbils are one of the easiest rodents to maintain and manage due to their typ...
Non-invasive neurostimulation: an emerging therapeutic modality in veterinary neurology
Non-invasive neurostimulation involves techniques that stimulate the nervous system without penetrating the skin. These techniques, which range from electrical and magnetic to other types of stimulati...