Zinc is an essential trace element required for the normal functioning of many enzyme systems, but ingestion of zinc foreign bodies (e.g. zinc-containing coins) can cause toxicosis in dogs. This is characterised by gastrointestinal signs followed by a haemolytic crisis. Pigmenturia and proteinuria are common. Complications include pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and renal and liver dysfunction. Diagnosis is based on history and clinical signs; radiography may be negative as the foreign body may have been passed or vomited. Treatment of zinc toxicosis in dogs is supportive, with urgent surgical removal of any retained foreign bodies, as well as rehydration, gastroprotectants and blood products. Prognosis depends on the severity of the anaemia and the extent of liver, renal and pancreatic involvement. In mild to moderate cases improvement usually occurs 48–72 hours after removal of a zinc foreign body, but in dogs with severe zinc poisoning prolonged hospitalisation may be required.

Nicola Bates -