The recognition of apparent isolated glucocorticoid deficiency can be challenging in a clinical setting because of vague clinical signs. The difficulty associated with diagnosis is exacerbated by a lack of standardised terminology, and often incomplete investigation and characterisation of the disease. Additional testing is usually necessary to confirm the underlying cause, optimise therapy and provide an accurate prognosis. This review suggests a classification system based upon aetiology as well as electrolyte concentrations, and provides an overview of the clinical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of glucocorticoid deficiency in dogs.

Robert E Shiel -

Carmel T Mooney -